Scientific publications

The Earth’s crust of the Bundelkhand Craton formed during the Paleo-Neoarchean (3.56–2.5 Ga) through subduction and accretion–collision processes. Early tonalitetrondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) associations, along with the associated amphibolites and quartzites, were formed during the Archean. At ~2.85 Ga, a subduction zone was formed in the southern part of the South Bundelkhand terrane. Some fragments of its supra-subduction portion are preserved as basalt and banded iron formation (BIF) sequences in the Girar greenstone belt. About 2.81 Ga ago, a subduction system was formed along the southern margin of the older TTG core and the associated maficultramafic crust in the Central Bundelkhand terrane. Its fragments are preserved as basalt, rhyolites and BIF sequences in the Mauranipur belt, as well as manifestations of eclogite-facies metamorphic events. 2.8 Ga ago, the large Ikauna mafic-ultramafic lopolith was formed in the central part of the Southern Bundelkhand terrane. Its formation was probably provoked by a mantle plume. Ca 2.7 Ga ago, early accretionary processes, indicated by metamorphism under up to amphibolite-facies conditions, took place in the South and Central Bundelkhand terranes. A major accretionary collisional event, during which the consolidated block of continental crust was formed, took place in the Late Neoarchean (2.54–2.50 Ga). In the Paleoproterozoic (2.0–1.8 Ga), the craton was reworked by plume and directed deformations associated with a collisional system along the margin of the Columbia Supercontinent. In the Neoproterozoic, Early Precambrian complexes were overlain by Vindhyan basin sediments and were exposed as late as in the Phanerozoic.